1) Basic Information

1. Outline

CountryName	The Chechen Republic of the Russian Federation MAP
Capital	Grozny
Population	1,100,000
Area	15.500km² (0.8 times larger than Shikoku island)
Ethnic Groups	Chechens, Ingush, Russian other North Caucasian
Languages	Russian, Chechen
Religions	Sunni Muslim

sources: Wikipedia (www.ja.wikipedia.org, www.en.wikipedia.org)

2. Situation of Conflict, Needs, and JEN's Activities

Dzhokhar Dudayev, the Republic of Chechnya's nationalist President, declared Chechnya's independence from Russia in 1991. However, the Russian President, Boris Yeltsin ordered 40,000 troops to retake Chechnya to annex Chechnya on 10 December, 1994, and started the First Chechen War. This war turned out to be extremely intense and about 170,000 Chechens fled the country and became refugees in neighbouring countries. Thus, JEN investigated the needs of emergency assistance in the capital of the Republic of Ingushetia, Magas (former name: Nazran not correct; Nazran was the previous capital city, and still exists. Magas is the current capital. http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/country_profiles/3829691.stm ) in February, 1995. JEN staff members saw the poorest conditions of living: some IDPs lived in the trains called “Train Camp”. We collaborated with IOM and local doctors, and distributed medicines worth up to 2 million dollars to IDPs in Magas. It made it possible to provide medical treatment for IDPs who lived in one of the most intense fighting zone and could not receive international assistance at that time.

In November 1991, following the collapse of the Soviet Union, the Chechen Republic declared independence from the Russian Federation. Russia, however, refused to recognize Chechenya's secession, and thus in December 1994, dispatched Russian troops as a means to prevent its independence. This marked the beginning of the First Chechen War. The war eventually sank into a stalemate, and 170,000 people fled to neighboring countries. In response to this crisis, JEN conducted a preliminary survey for emergency aid in Nazran, of the neighboring Republic of Ingushetia. The Chechen refugees' living conditions were extremely poor, with some forced to live inside trains called “Train Camps.” In the following 18 months, JEN, in cooperation with the IOM (International Organization for Migration) and several local doctors, distributed $2,000,000 worth of medical supplies to such refugees. Due to its swift commencement, JEN was able to provide relevant medical support to many refugees in the midst of heavy fighting and at a time when international support was scarce.

Tchétchénie

I. Aperçu Géopolitique

Nom du Pays	République de Tchétchénie(Fédération de Russie)　 Plan
Capitale	Grozny
Population	1,100,000
Superficie	15.500km²
Groupes Ethniques	Tchétchène, Ingouche, Russe, autres Caucasiens du Nord
Langues	Russe, Tchétchène
Religions	Msulman sunnites

Sources : Wikipedia (www.ja.wikipedia.org, www.en.wikipedia.org)

II. Contexte Historique

Dzhokhar Dudayev, le Président nationaliste de la République de Tchétchénie, déclara l’indépendance de la Tchétchénie juste après l’effondrement de l’Union Soviétique en novembre 1991. La Russie néanmoins refusa la sécession de la Tchétchénie. La Président Russe, Boris Yeltsin envoya plus de 40 000 soldats en Tchétchénie le 10 décembre 1994 (Première Guerre de Tchétchénie). Suite au combat plus de 170 000 Tchétchènes se sont réfugiés dans les pays voisins.

III. Nos Activités
Face à la situation, JEN a entamé une enquête d’identification des besoins humanitaires à Nazran Maga, la capitale de la République voisine d’Ingouchie en février 1995. Certaines PDI habitaient dans des wagons abandonnés (camp de trains). Pendant les 18 mois qui ont suivi notre enquête initiale, nous avons distribué, en collaboration avec l’OIM (Organisation Internationale pour les Migrations) et des médecins locaux, des médicaments pour plus de 90 000 personnes ce qui représente au total un budget de plus de 2 millions de dollars pour couvrir cette période de 17 mois .